{
  "version": "3.0",
  "reviewed": "2026-10-23",
  "scope": "Selected scientific aggregates, observational practice-volume reports and citations. No participant data, original PDFs or acquisition logs. Twelve main materials are not twelve independent trials; three earlier source checks are retained separately.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "P3_C01",
      "reference": "Carey LM. Investigating Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise, Visual Gaze, and Neural Activity in Golf Putting. PhD thesis, University of Stirling, 2020. Chapter 9. (表紙題名。提出票にはgaze strategiesを含む別表記。)",
      "url": "https://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/33316/1/CareyL_Thesis.pdf",
      "pages": [
        198,
        199,
        200,
        202,
        203,
        204,
        205,
        206,
        207,
        208
      ],
      "design": "無対照、単回前後。前後で別位置の難度を対応させたパット。",
      "population": "Scottish Golf Union経由の上級者、本文N9/男性8女性1、19–28歳。アマHC0～+5とプロの混合。ツアー名不明。",
      "n": 9,
      "nStatus": "原著の全体N9に対しアマ5+プロ5=10と矛盾。Table18のt検定df16もN9の対応検定と合わない。",
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "研究処方",
        "intervention_minutes": 15,
        "total_testing_hours": 3.5,
        "exploration_ball_roller_minutes": 5,
        "pre_test_putts": 40,
        "post_test_putts": 40,
        "sessions": 1,
        "actual_adherence_log": null
      },
      "method": "熟練者の映像、速さを変えたときの狙いとライン、ボールローラーでの探索。8–15ft、直線と傾斜。",
      "result": "直後の入球増を報告。人数・統計の不整合があるため大きな改善率を効能の見出しに使わない。Table18は速度低下、タイミングの有意変化なし。読みと打ち出しの自己評価は別。",
      "retention": "未測定",
      "transfer": "同日、難度対応の別位置のみ",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "練習構成の参考。数値効果は掲載保留。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C02",
      "reference": "Stenner B, Buckley J. Use of a Ball Alignment Mark Improves Putting Performance in Golf. International Journal of Golf Science. 2014;3(2):145–150. DOI:10.1123/ijgs.2014-0020.",
      "url": "https://www.golfsciencejournal.org/api/v1/articles/4969-use-of-a-ball-alignment-mark-improves-putting-performance-in-golf.pdf",
      "pages": [
        1,
        2,
        3,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "design": "単回、線あり/なしの被験者内無作為順序比較。距離は事前入球数で割当。",
      "population": "豪州Adelaideのクラブ男性29人、年齢45.2±19.7、13–69歳。HC7.6±4.0、範囲+2～13。普段線を使う者を除外。",
      "n": 29,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "急性比較であり長期訓練ではない",
        "screening_putts": 10,
        "test_putts": 30,
        "per_condition_putts": 15,
        "sessions": 1,
        "minutes": null
      },
      "method": "天然ベント芝の直線、同じ人の同じ割当距離で線あり/なし。1.7m4人、2.3m15人、2.6m10人。",
      "result": "2.6mの10人は9.7±2.4対7.6±2.8/15球、p=.009。1.7/2.3mは有意差なし。狙い角そのものは測らず、原因がエイムと証明した試験ではない。",
      "retention": "未測定",
      "transfer": "未測定",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "線の有無を本人が比較する根拠。全距離・全HCで有効という一般化不可。",
      "originalConflicts": [
        "本文のHC≤12という選定説明に対し実際の範囲は+2～13。",
        "多重比較の記述0.05/3=.0125は算術不整合（正しくは.0167）。p=.009はいずれよりも小さい。"
      ],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C03",
      "reference": "Ring C, Cooke A, Kavussanu M, McIntyre D, Masters R. Investigating the efficacy of neurofeedback training for expediting expertise and excellence in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2015;16:118–127. DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.08.005.",
      "url": "https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/18168366/Ring_et_al_Investigating_efficacy_neurofeedback_training_Psychology_Sport_Exercise_2015.pdf",
      "pages": [
        4,
        5,
        6,
        7
      ],
      "design": "無作為2群、真の脳波フィードバック対yoked sham。前後で低/高圧各50球。",
      "population": "男性一般アマ24、各群12。HC23.00±6.62対23.33±4.62。",
      "n": 24,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "研究処方",
        "sessions": 3,
        "training_minutes_per_session": 60,
        "blocks_per_session": 12,
        "minutes_per_block": 5,
        "visit_hours_per_session": 2,
        "actual_putts": "対照12人の実行量はC04。元試験の全個人ログではない。"
      },
      "method": "2.4m人工芝。前頭高α等を抑制する音フィードバックを受けて打つ。shamにも同じ回数・長さの音を提示。",
      "result": "両群の停止誤差は減少したが、パフォーマンスの群×時点差なし。脳波の変化を入球・スコアの改善優位と混同しない。",
      "retention": "訓練後テスト、長期追跡なし",
      "transfer": "実験的圧力の比較あり。真のNFTの成績優位なし。",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "一般高HCの用量と無効/非優越結果を補完。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": "ring2015",
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C04",
      "reference": "Gallicchio G, Cooke A, Ring C. Practice Makes Efficient: Cortical Alpha Oscillations Are Associated With Improved Golf Putting Performance. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. 2017;6(1):89–102. DOI:10.1037/spy0000077.",
      "url": "https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/41880209/Gallicchio_et_al_Practice_Makes_Efficient_Sport_Exercise_Performance_Psychology.pdf",
      "pages": [
        4,
        5,
        6,
        7,
        9,
        12
      ],
      "design": "C03のsham群12人の再分析。新しい独立試験ではない。",
      "population": "男性レクリエーションアマ、HC23.33±4.62、年齢21±2.52、経験4.63±2.89年。",
      "n": 12,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "原著報告の実行量",
        "training_sessions": 3,
        "training_minutes_per_session": 60,
        "actual_mean_training_putts": 543.75,
        "actual_sd_training_putts": 127.01,
        "actual_mean_putts_per_session": 181.25,
        "test_retest_interval_days": [
          8.17,
          5.24
        ],
        "last_training_retest_days": [
          2,
          2.59
        ],
        "test_putts_each": 50,
        "familiarization_putts_each": 20
      },
      "method": "2.4m人工芝、入球に加え方向/距離/総停止誤差を分離。",
      "result": "50球中12.17→16.25、+4.08球は群内差。角度誤差の平均変化p=.11で非有意。変化量同士の媒介分析が有意でも、事前に方向の弱い人を選別した効果試験ではない。",
      "retention": "最終訓練から再テスト平均2日（個人差あり）。数週先ではない。",
      "transfer": "未測定",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "高HCの実行球数と誤差分解の例。最適量・一般改善率は出さない。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": "ring2015",
      "subsetOf": "P3_C03"
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C05",
      "reference": "Ismail M. Effectiveness of “PIM” Training on Putting Performance and Pre-Competitive Anxiety of the Golfers. International Journal of Golf Sciences. 2016;5(1):26–37. DOI:10.1123/ijgs.2014-0013.",
      "url": "https://www.golfsciencejournal.org/api/v1/articles/4999-effectiveness-of-pim-training-on-putting-performance-and-pre-competitive-anxiety-of-the-golfers.pdf",
      "pages": [
        3,
        4,
        5,
        6,
        7,
        8,
        9
      ],
      "design": "63人を3群各21に無作為割付と記載。結果は群ごとの時点比較が主で、群間の変化量差検定を確認できない。",
      "population": "男性18–25歳、経験1–3年。HC未記載。マレーシア所属著者によるクラブ/academy募集で実施国は断定しない。",
      "n": 63,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "処方・日誌使用の記載あり、個別完遂量は未掲載",
        "weeks": 6,
        "sessions_per_week": 3,
        "imagery_repetitions_per_session": 10,
        "physical_putts_per_session": 10,
        "imagery_minutes_per_session": 10,
        "physical_minutes_per_session": 10,
        "conventional_group_minutes": "全群の実施時間が同一とは明記されない"
      },
      "method": "PIMは服装・環境・実時間・感情等を含むPETTLEPイメージ10回+実打10球。通常イメージ群、実打のみ群と比較。テストは6ft人工マット、10球の位置点数（上限50）。",
      "result": "PIM28.86→34.52点、通常27.14→27.00、実打のみ27.38→24.95。入球率ではない。PIM群内の改善だけで群間優位とはしない。",
      "retention": "4週/6週は介入中と直後。終了後の遅延保持なし",
      "transfer": "未測定",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "具体手順・処方量は使用可。メンタル練習の確定効能としては弱い。",
      "originalConflicts": [
        "PIM事後SD本文0.97に対しTable1は4.42。表値を保存し未解決を明記。",
        "イメージ能力の採用閾値記述が尺度の平均と合計で不明瞭。"
      ],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C06",
      "reference": "Langdown BL, Burnett S, Jones N, Coughlan D. Practice And Tournament Volumes Of Young Golfers In Regional And National Squads. World Scientific Congress of Golf, 2018. Extended abstract.",
      "url": "https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6744a6e796cfe501a3dcd059/t/67f1596c566afd410d11e087/1743870317642/Langdown%2BPractice%2Band%2BTourmament%2BVolumes.pdf",
      "pages": [
        1,
        2,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "design": "England Golf育成選手の11か月日々自己記録、学会拡張要旨。",
      "population": "本文N111、男性68女性42で合計110と不整合。年齢16.21±1.69、HC3.62±3.45→1.77±2.91。",
      "n": 111,
      "nStatus": "原著表記、性別内訳の合計は110。項目別有効人数/欠測処理不明。",
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "観察自己記録",
        "months": 11,
        "unit": "putting green min/month, mean±SD",
        "male": [
          409.84,
          304.83
        ],
        "female": [
          433.67,
          292.02
        ],
        "male_range": [
          15,
          1440
        ],
        "female_range": [
          0,
          1309
        ]
      },
      "method": null,
      "result": "パット時間を独立単位で回収。回帰でputting B=.031、95%CI[-.019,.082]、最終モデルから除外。時間がHC改善を起こすという結果ではない。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "course": "HC追跡だがパット練習の因果的効果不明",
      "status": "育成層の練習時間分布。全国一般アマの必要量ではない。",
      "originalConflicts": [
        "Total Volumeはショット数、分、ホール数を合算。総時間・比率・負荷指標として再利用しない。"
      ],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C07",
      "reference": "Langdown BL, Ehlert A. An investigation into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic upon golfers’ strength and conditioning and golf practice. Int J Sports Sci Coach. 2023;18(5):1615–1628 (online 2022). DOI:10.1177/17479541221140016.",
      "url": "https://oro.open.ac.uk/86207/8/86207final.pdf",
      "pages": [
        3,
        4,
        5
      ],
      "design": "便宜募集、英語の回顧アンケート。14か国。",
      "population": "107人（完答67/部分40）、プロ23/アマ84。LPGA3/European Tour2等を含むがパットの表は全体集計。",
      "n": 107,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": "Table2のパット項目有効Nは不明。107人全員の平均としない。",
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "自己申告、表のMean±SD。プロ/アマ・HC別ではない",
        "pre_frequency_per_week": [
          3.88,
          4.37
        ],
        "lockdown_frequency_per_week": [
          2.71,
          3.75
        ],
        "unlocked_frequency_per_week": [
          3.14,
          3.64
        ],
        "pre_minutes_per_session": [
          30.75,
          23.11
        ],
        "lockdown_minutes_per_session": [
          19.1,
          22.93
        ],
        "unlocked_minutes_per_session": [
          25.65,
          23.16
        ]
      },
      "method": null,
      "result": "パット頻度の全体比較p=.056、時間p<.001。頻度の有意減少を断定しない。頻度平均×時間平均を実測週平均としない。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "course": "介入のコース効果なし",
      "status": "Web経由の原典PDF抽出を保存。直接バイナリは403で未保存。選抜混合標本の実態。",
      "originalConflicts": [
        "方法のBonferroni閾値.0167とTable2脚注.005が不一致、.038に有意印もある。",
        "アマレベル内訳合計81対84、ツアー例示内訳16対プロ23。完全内訳として補完しない。"
      ],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C08",
      "reference": "Hayman R. The Role of Deliberate Practice in Developing Adolescent Golfing Excellence. PhD thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2012. Chapter 3.",
      "url": "https://knowledge.lancashire.ac.uk/id/eprint/6652/1/Hayman%20Rick%20Final%20e-Thesis%20%28Master%20Copy%29.pdf",
      "pages": [
        95,
        96,
        97,
        99,
        101,
        102,
        104
      ],
      "design": "育成男子9人の4つの7日間日誌と9か月後の想起比較。9か月を連続記録したわけではない。",
      "population": "英国AASE男子、平均17.2±.97歳、HC3–6/平均4.2±1.1。育成課程の対象年齢16–18歳、実標本の範囲とは断定しない。2009–2010年。",
      "n": 9,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "本人日誌",
        "sampled_weeks": 4,
        "days_each_week": 7,
        "putting_total_across_sample_minutes": 3990,
        "reported_mean_per_person_over_four_weeks_minutes": 443,
        "reported_sd_minutes": 118.7,
        "putting_participants": 9
      },
      "method": null,
      "result": "4つの標本週を合計したパット時間。回顧/日誌の差を検討する研究で、パットの用量効果試験ではない。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "course": "HC変化あり、パット時間の因果効果未測定",
      "status": "443分を1週/1月/9か月連続量として引用しない。Hayman2013の介入5人とは別コホート。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C09",
      "reference": "Bieńkiewicz MMN et al. The Limitations of Being a Copycat: Learning Golf Putting Through Auditory and Visual Guidance. Front Psychol. 2019;10:92. DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00092.",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00092/full",
      "pages": [
        5,
        7,
        11,
        12,
        14,
        15,
        16
      ],
      "design": "未経験30学生、3群各10（各女性2）。pseudo-random assignment。",
      "population": "Aix-Marseille学生、平均19.6±2.4。HC中高位と混同しない。",
      "n": 30,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "研究手順の指定",
        "weeks": 4,
        "sessions": 8,
        "distances_m": [
          3,
          6,
          9
        ],
        "retrieval_putts_per_distance_per_session": 5,
        "guided_practice_putts_per_distance_per_session": 15,
        "delayed_retention_weeks": 2,
        "novel_transfer_distances_m": [
          4.5,
          7.5
        ]
      },
      "method": "プロの動きを音/LEDで提示し、同じ動きを再現。指導なし群と比較。",
      "result": "練習中の変化があっても、保持・未知距離で安定した群優位なし。図の見た目の差を群間有意差にしない。",
      "retention": "2週後、既習3/6/9m",
      "transfer": "最終練習直後4.5/7.5m、群差なし",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "1人120球というレビュー集計は総量ではない。原著では8×3×(5+15)=480試行（練習期間内の取り出し試行120+ガイド練習360）。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C10",
      "reference": "Afrash S, Saemi E, Gong A, Doustan M. Neurofeedback training and motor learning: the enhanced sensorimotor rhythm protocol is better or the suppressed alpha or the suppressed mu? BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023;15:93. DOI:10.1186/s13102-023-00706-3.",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13102-023-00706-3",
      "pages": [
        3,
        4,
        5,
        6,
        8
      ],
      "design": "便宜募集64未経験者、4群各16へ無作為割付、shamあり。",
      "population": "32女性/32男性、平均22.31±2.25、ゴルフ経験なし。",
      "n": 64,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "研究処方",
        "weeks": 2,
        "sessions_per_week": 3,
        "sessions": 6,
        "nft_minutes_per_session": 20,
        "physical_putts_per_session": 36,
        "pretest_putts": 12,
        "each_retention_test_putts": 12,
        "retention_days": [
          1,
          14
        ]
      },
      "method": "2m人工芝、SMR上昇/α抑制/μ抑制/偽訓練の後に実打。停止誤差を測定。",
      "result": "習得中は群優位なし。翌日は3群、2週後はSMR/αがshamより誤差小。2週後μ対sham p=.13。成功球の誤差処理は明確でないため入球率へ換算しない。",
      "retention": "1/14日",
      "transfer": "未測定",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "保持を補完する未経験者実験。家庭メニューや実ツアー効果ではない。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C11",
      "reference": "Shaw M, Runswick OR, Smith J, Pocock C, Sharpe BT, Birch PDJ. Professional Golfers’ Perceptions of the Interacting Constraints on Putting During Competition. Percept Mot Skills. Online May 16, 2026. DOI:10.1177/00315125261451585.",
      "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00315125261451585",
      "pages": [],
      "design": "現役ツアー男性13人の半構造化面接、質的研究。",
      "population": "平均28.5±5.39歳、プロ年数7.30±5.52。European/Challenge/Alps/EuroPro/MENA/Clutch/TPのいずれか参戦が基準。個別ツアー内訳なし。",
      "n": 13,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "介入なし",
        "mean_interview_minutes": 40.2,
        "sd_interview_minutes": 5.9
      },
      "method": null,
      "result": "速さ・芝・風だけでなく、直前成績・順位・期待・失敗の帰結を含む18下位テーマ/4領域。練習へ実戦文脈を入れる理由を与えるが効能比較ではない。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "transfer": "対象外",
      "course": "実戦についての自己報告であり実測介入効果なし",
      "status": "海外ツアー選手の実情を追加。PGA TOUR/米LPGA介入試験とはしない。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_C12",
      "reference": "Jin C. The influence of game-based learning on tactical awareness and skill development in golf training programs. PLOS ONE. 2025;20:e0328738. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0328738.",
      "url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0328738",
      "pages": [
        3,
        4,
        5,
        6,
        8,
        9,
        10
      ],
      "design": "中国延辺大学ゴルフ専攻男子45、3群各15。経験4年以上、HC未報告。",
      "n": 45,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "全ゴルフ混合訓練の処方",
        "weeks": 8,
        "sessions_per_week": 3,
        "minutes_per_session": 90,
        "putting_minutes": null,
        "putting_putts": null
      },
      "method": null,
      "result": "PAが技術群64.33→69.13と掲載。ただし測定はSAM PuttLabを列挙するだけで、PAの点数/百分率/分母・距離・球数が確定できない。実戦スコアなし。",
      "retention": "未測定",
      "transfer": "模擬課題の記述、正式測定不明",
      "course": "公式/通常ラウンドの結果未掲載",
      "status": "保留。36時間をパット練習時間にしない。PA7.5%を入球率+7.5ppにしない。",
      "originalConflicts": [
        "PAのACG63.86→63.93に対するΔ%表記.001と本文.1%が異なる。",
        "本文でPAのFをTATG固有改善とするが表の配置と群平均に整合しない。",
        "SCの百分率欄が割合値と混在。"
      ],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_MACKENZIE",
      "reference": "MacKenzie SJ, Foley SM, Adamczyk AP. Visually focusing on the far versus the near target during the putting stroke. J Sports Sci. 2011;29:1243–1251.",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.591418",
      "pages": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "design": "事前成績で対応させた穴を見る15人/球を見る16人。原著に無作為化の記載なし。",
      "population": "男性31、HC18.7±10.4。",
      "n": 31,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "研究処方",
        "weeks": 4,
        "sessions": 5,
        "puttsPerSession": 100,
        "puttsTotalRecalculated": 500
      },
      "method": "1.22m50球＋4m50球、25球ごと2分休憩。",
      "result": "入球率の群差/群×時点なし。速度変動は群×時点F=6.36,p=.017。",
      "retention": "独立した遅延保持なし",
      "transfer": "未測定",
      "course": "未測定",
      "status": "前回取得の著者公開稿・原頁で照合。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_PRACTICE_SURVEY",
      "reference": "Chicken Golf. パターの苦手意識・練習に関する400人調査、2025年8月。",
      "url": "https://chicken-golf.com/column/putting-notmyforte/",
      "pages": [],
      "design": "民間調査・複数回答。募集枠/重み/回答率は未報告。",
      "population": "全国男女400回答。ラウンド未経験を含む。",
      "n": 400,
      "nStatus": null,
      "itemN": 400,
      "itemNStatus": null,
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "練習実態の自己申告",
        "hardlyPracticeCount": 94,
        "hardlyPracticePercent": 23.5,
        "onlyBeforeRoundCount": 81,
        "onlyBeforeRoundPercent": 20.3
      },
      "method": "公表された設問・回答カウントの確認。",
      "result": "ほとんど練習しない94/400。ラウンド前のみと重複不明で合算不可。完全ゼロ率ではない。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "transfer": "対象外",
      "course": "介入なし",
      "status": "全国アマの代表値/必要量不足率ではない。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    },
    {
      "id": "P3_TANAKA2012",
      "reference": "田中（2012）早稲田大学修士論文、インタビュー節Table3-11のパッティング練習時間。",
      "url": "https://tokorozawa.w.waseda.jp/kg/doc/50_ronbun/2012/5012A316.pdf",
      "pages": [
        14,
        23,
        24,
        25,
        26
      ],
      "design": "質問票459人とは別の選抜インタビュー節。方法の標本70人。",
      "population": "プロ/scratch/HC1–5/6–9/10–18。",
      "n": 70,
      "nStatus": "Table3-11に項目Nの再掲なし。",
      "itemN": null,
      "itemNStatus": "全459人の平均にしない。",
      "causeSelected": false,
      "dose": {
        "type": "公表表記・自己申告",
        "unit": "min/week",
        "pro": 158.4,
        "scratch": 74.1,
        "hc1to5": 26.4,
        "hc6to9": 3.9,
        "hc10to18": 0
      },
      "method": "原著本文/表のテキスト照合。",
      "result": "選抜群に時間差。0.0表示からゼロ率100%は算出不可。",
      "retention": "対象外",
      "transfer": "対象外",
      "course": "因果的効果なし",
      "status": "2012年の選抜標本。現在の全国平均/必要量にしない。",
      "originalConflicts": [],
      "cohort": null,
      "subsetOf": null
    }
  ],
  "tables": [
    {
      "id": "gallicchio-table1",
      "study": "P3_C04",
      "pdf_page": 7,
      "n": 12,
      "uncertainty_label": "SD (original table)",
      "comparison": "同じ12人の前後差。C03対照群再分析。",
      "rows": [
        {
          "metric": "holed_putts",
          "unit": "count/50",
          "pre": 12.17,
          "pre_sd": 2.39,
          "post": 16.25,
          "post_sd": 2.97,
          "t": 2.18,
          "df": 11,
          "p_reported": 0.05
        },
        {
          "metric": "radial_error",
          "unit": "cm",
          "pre": 10.95,
          "pre_sd": 1.59,
          "post": 8.05,
          "post_sd": 1.23,
          "t": 2.26,
          "df": 11,
          "p_reported": 0.04
        },
        {
          "metric": "angle_error",
          "unit": "degree",
          "pre": 1.39,
          "pre_sd": 0.12,
          "post": 1.17,
          "post_sd": 0.14,
          "t": 1.74,
          "df": 11,
          "p_reported": 0.11
        },
        {
          "metric": "length_error",
          "unit": "cm",
          "pre": 8.8,
          "pre_sd": 1.27,
          "post": 6.42,
          "post_sd": 0.95,
          "t": 2.22,
          "df": 11,
          "p_reported": 0.05
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "carey-table18",
      "study": "P3_C01",
      "pdf_page": 204,
      "n_status": "本文N9、Table18 df16の対応検定と不整合。inferential results are held, not corrected.",
      "comparison": "前後。原著掲載、効能値として保留。",
      "rows": [
        {
          "metric": "ball_speed",
          "unit": "mph",
          "pre": 6.001,
          "post": 5.305,
          "pre_minus_post": 0.696,
          "se_difference": 0.167,
          "t": 4.173,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": 0.004
        },
        {
          "metric": "roll_speed",
          "unit": "mph",
          "pre": 4.152,
          "post": 3.716,
          "pre_minus_post": 0.436,
          "se_difference": 0.108,
          "t": 4.022,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": 0.006
        },
        {
          "metric": "club_speed",
          "unit": "mph",
          "pre": 3.575,
          "post": 3.234,
          "pre_minus_post": 0.341,
          "se_difference": 0.097,
          "t": 3.531,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": 0.017
        },
        {
          "metric": "backswing_time",
          "unit": "s",
          "pre": 0.7132,
          "post": 0.7069,
          "pre_minus_post_reported": 0.006,
          "se_difference": 0.064,
          "t": 0.098,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": ">.99"
        },
        {
          "metric": "forwardswing_time",
          "unit": "s",
          "pre": 0.3296,
          "post": 0.3337,
          "pre_minus_post_reported": -0.004,
          "se_difference": 0.016,
          "t": 0.258,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": ">.99"
        },
        {
          "metric": "tempo",
          "unit": "ratio",
          "pre": 2.163,
          "post": 2.114,
          "pre_minus_post": 0.049,
          "se_difference": 0.141,
          "t": 0.345,
          "df": 16,
          "adjusted_p": ">.99"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ismail-table1",
      "study": "P3_C05",
      "pdf_page": 6,
      "n_per_group": 21,
      "times": [
        "pre",
        "week4",
        "week6"
      ],
      "uncertainty_label": "SD (original table)",
      "rows": [
        {
          "metric": "position_score",
          "unit": "points/50 NOT holed percent",
          "group": "PIM",
          "means": [
            28.86,
            31.48,
            34.52
          ],
          "sds": [
            3.25,
            3.63,
            4.42
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "position_score",
          "unit": "points/50 NOT holed percent",
          "group": "conventional_imagery",
          "means": [
            27.14,
            27.19,
            27
          ],
          "sds": [
            4.51,
            2.25,
            3.15
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "position_score",
          "unit": "points/50 NOT holed percent",
          "group": "physical_only",
          "means": [
            27.38,
            24.71,
            24.95
          ],
          "sds": [
            4.31,
            3.96,
            2.85
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "cognitive_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "PIM",
          "means": [
            12.43,
            10.24,
            10.24
          ],
          "sds": [
            2.25,
            2.32,
            2.77
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "cognitive_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "conventional_imagery",
          "means": [
            10.57,
            10.43,
            10.76
          ],
          "sds": [
            1.54,
            1.57,
            1.76
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "cognitive_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "physical_only",
          "means": [
            11,
            10.43,
            9.76
          ],
          "sds": [
            3.12,
            2.84,
            2.98
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "somatic_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "PIM",
          "means": [
            12.62,
            10.43,
            9.1
          ],
          "sds": [
            2.31,
            1.96,
            1.9
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "somatic_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "conventional_imagery",
          "means": [
            11.33,
            11.43,
            11.38
          ],
          "sds": [
            1.56,
            1.89,
            2.09
          ]
        },
        {
          "metric": "somatic_anxiety",
          "unit": "CSAI-2R subscale points",
          "group": "physical_only",
          "means": [
            12.57,
            11.38,
            10
          ],
          "sds": [
            3.84,
            3.56,
            3.07
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "langdown-2018-table1-putting",
      "study": "P3_C06",
      "pdf_page": 2,
      "unit": "min/month",
      "rows": [
        {
          "group": "male",
          "n_reported": 68,
          "mean": 409.84,
          "sd": 304.83,
          "min": 15,
          "max": 1440
        },
        {
          "group": "female",
          "n_reported": 42,
          "mean": 433.67,
          "sd": 292.02,
          "min": 0,
          "max": 1309
        }
      ],
      "warning": "全体111対68+42=110不整合。Total Volumeは異単位合算で除外。"
    },
    {
      "id": "langdown-covid-table2-putting",
      "study": "P3_C07",
      "pdf_page": 5,
      "item_n": null,
      "times": [
        "pre",
        "lockdown",
        "unlocked"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "metric": "frequency",
          "unit": "sessions/week",
          "means": [
            3.88,
            2.71,
            3.14
          ],
          "sds": [
            4.37,
            3.75,
            3.64
          ],
          "p": 0.056,
          "partial_eta_squared": 0.057
        },
        {
          "metric": "duration",
          "unit": "min/session",
          "means": [
            30.75,
            19.1,
            25.65
          ],
          "sds": [
            23.11,
            22.93,
            23.16
          ],
          "p": "<.001",
          "partial_eta_squared": 0.134,
          "pairwise_p": {
            "pre_vs_lockdown": 0.002,
            "pre_vs_unlocked": 0.099,
            "lockdown_vs_unlocked": 0.038
          }
        }
      ],
      "warning": "107は全回答者。パット項目N、プロ/アマ別は不明。方法.0167と脚注.005に不一致。"
    },
    {
      "id": "stenner-2014-2.6m",
      "study": "P3_C02",
      "pdf_pages": [
        1,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "subgroup_n": 10,
      "unit": "holed/15",
      "rows": [
        {
          "condition": "alignment_mark",
          "mean": 9.7,
          "sd": 2.4
        },
        {
          "condition": "no_alignment_mark",
          "mean": 7.6,
          "sd": 2.8
        }
      ],
      "p": 0.009,
      "interaction_p": 0.038,
      "other_distance_p": {
        "1.7m": 0.67,
        "2.3m": 0.39
      },
      "warning": "subgroup distance based on screening performance, not randomly assigned distances. No course test."
    },
    {
      "id": "afrash-2023-two-week",
      "study": "P3_C10",
      "pdf_page": 6,
      "n_per_group": 16,
      "unit": "radial_error cm",
      "rows": [
        {
          "group": "SMR",
          "mean": 16.12,
          "sd": 5,
          "vs_sham_p": 0.01
        },
        {
          "group": "alpha",
          "mean": 16.21,
          "sd": 5.27,
          "vs_sham_p": 0.01
        },
        {
          "group": "mu",
          "mean": 17.6,
          "sd": 5.4,
          "vs_sham_p": 0.13
        },
        {
          "group": "sham",
          "mean": 21.73,
          "sd": 4.2,
          "vs_sham_p": null
        }
      ],
      "omnibus_f": 4.45,
      "df": [
        3,
        60
      ],
      "omnibus_p": 0.007,
      "partial_eta_squared": 0.18,
      "warning": "novices, unclear holed-ball error handling, not probability or course strokes."
    },
    {
      "id": "ring-2015-performance",
      "study": "P3_C03",
      "pdf_page": 7,
      "n_per_group": 12,
      "unit": "radial_error cm",
      "rows": [
        {
          "group": "neurofeedback",
          "pre": 20.2,
          "pre_sd": 9,
          "post": 15.89,
          "post_sd": 7.43
        },
        {
          "group": "sham",
          "pre": 19.33,
          "pre_sd": 4.62,
          "post": 14.91,
          "post_sd": 5.15
        }
      ],
      "session_f": 38.54,
      "df": [
        1,
        22
      ],
      "session_p": "<.001",
      "group_time_interaction": "not significant",
      "warning": "高低圧を含む集計。Gallicchio2017の低圧再分析と誤差定義/集計が違うので接合しない。"
    },
    {
      "id": "hayman-2012-putting-diary",
      "study": "P3_C08",
      "pdf_pages": [
        97,
        101,
        102
      ],
      "n": 9,
      "unit": "minutes over four sampled 7-day windows per person",
      "rows": [
        {
          "metric": "putting_minutes_per_person",
          "mean": 443,
          "sd": 118.7,
          "reported_precision": "rounded integer mean"
        },
        {
          "metric": "sample_total_putting_minutes",
          "value": 3990,
          "unit": "minutes for all nine over four sampled weeks"
        }
      ],
      "warning": "四つの月各1週。9か月連続ではない。対照介入なし。"
    }
  ],
  "coverage": [
    {
      "population": "国内プロ",
      "diagnosis": "Hasegawa等の方向/速さ/傾斜比較あり",
      "dose": "急性操作中心。原因別反復訓練の量は未取得",
      "retention": "未取得",
      "course_effect": "原因別介入の実戦効果未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "国内競技上級アマ",
      "diagnosis": "75人圧力研究、77人2018の反応選別候補",
      "dose": "2018は原著抄録まで、群/量/期間原表が不明",
      "retention": "未取得",
      "course_effect": "未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "国内中級アマ",
      "diagnosis": "プロ比較、傾斜、速度等の直接実験",
      "dose": "急性比較、長期原因対応の量未取得",
      "retention": "未取得",
      "course_effect": "未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "国内高HC社会人・シニア",
      "diagnosis": "日誌型・原因選別介入を独立群で満たす原典未取得",
      "dose": "不明",
      "retention": "不明",
      "course_effect": "不明"
    },
    {
      "population": "国内学生/未経験者",
      "diagnosis": "KR、想起、言葉がけ等の操作",
      "dose": "Ishikura2022、XR2025等の原表と手順あり。2013は全文アクセス制限",
      "retention": "翌日・別距離の試験あり",
      "course_effect": "未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外の明確な現役実ツアープロ",
      "diagnosis": "13人が実戦経験を面接で報告",
      "dose": "Shawは介入なし。Carey混合群の方法はあるが人数/統計不整合",
      "retention": "パット原因別比較の保持は未取得",
      "course_effect": "PGA TOUR/米LPGA公式SGの原因別介入効果は未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外プロ資格・所属者",
      "diagnosis": "台湾プロ44、KLPGA所属20等",
      "dose": "Wu単回、Kim6週12回の処方477分等",
      "retention": "単回直後/動作タイミング中心",
      "course_effect": "未取得"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外低HC競技/クラブアマ",
      "diagnosis": "Vine低HC、線の比較、読みの介入候補",
      "dose": "QE20訓練球、線の急性30球、読み15分",
      "retention": "Vineの圧力/競技追跡、Careyは遅延なし",
      "course_effect": "Vine前後各10競技R、総パットの交互作用あり。距離/GIR未調整"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外上級ジュニア",
      "diagnosis": "限定標本の練習とパフォーマンス",
      "dose": "Hayman2013/He2024に加え、11か月記録/月409.84/433.67分と4標本週日誌443分",
      "retention": "Haymanは翌日固定8ft。新日誌2本は訓練試験でない",
      "course_effect": "日誌のHC追跡はパット時間の因果効果ではない"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外HC混合/中高HC一般アマ",
      "diagnosis": "MacKenzie平均HC18.7、Ring平均HC約23、Gallicchio誤差分解",
      "dose": "MacKenzie4週500球、Ring3時間、対照12人実行543.75±127.01球",
      "retention": "Gallicchio再テストは最終訓練から平均2日。長期・別条件なし",
      "course_effect": "未測定"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外HC0/1–5/6–10/11–18/19–28/29+の層別",
      "diagnosis": "平均HCや範囲だけの混合群から帯別値を再構築しない",
      "dose": "各帯の原因別用量は不明",
      "retention": "各帯の効果は不明",
      "course_effect": "各帯の効果は不明"
    },
    {
      "population": "海外未経験者",
      "diagnosis": "手順・補助・練習スケジュールの実験が比較的多い",
      "dose": "既存研究にC09の4週480試行、C10の2週216実打+120分NFTを追加",
      "retention": "翌日/2週等あり。無効結果も保存",
      "course_effect": "多くは未測定。今回追加2本も未測定"
    }
  ]
}